国际组织联合声明强调海员就医须及时/Joint Statement by IMO and ILO highlights need for prompt access for medical assistance for vital key worker seafarers
对于在船上工作时生病的海员来说，及时接受医疗援助可能是生死攸关的问题。（图片来源：国际海事组织）
Receiving medical care can be a matter of life or death for seafarers who fall ill while working on ships. (Image: IMO)
国际海事组织 (IMO) 秘书长和国际劳工组织 (ILO) 总干事发表联合声明，呼吁港口国和沿海国家为海员及时下船就医提供便利，指涉及的问题生死攸关；同时优先为海员接种新冠疫苗；并指定海员为关键工人地位，承认海员对世界贸易的宝贵贡献。
The Secretary-General of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the Director-General of the International Labour Organization (ILO) have issued a joint statement calling for port and coastal States to facilitate the prompt disembarkation of seafarers for medical care as a matter of “life or death”; to prioritize seafarers for COVID-19 vaccination; and to designate seafarers as key workers, recognizing seafarers’ valuable contribution to world trade.
在联合声明（第 4204/Add.42 号通函）中，IMO 秘书长KitackLim和ILO总干事Guy Rider表示，海员正面对获得医疗援助的重重困难，并强调「确保海员能够获得医疗服务是道德义务，当有需要时他们应可立即上岸护理，由合格的医生和牙医上船提供医疗援助，而在接受任何治疗之前进行的医学评估也很重要，其中可能包括由国际医疗机构提供的远程医疗评估。」
In the joint statement (Circular LetterNo.4204/Add.42), IMO Secretary-General Kitack Lim and ILO Director-General Guy Rider say seafarers are facing difficulties in accessing medical care and highlight the “moral obligation to ensure seafarers can access medical care ashore without delay, whenever they need it, and to extend medical assistanceon board should the need arise by allowing qualified doctors and dentists to visit ships. It is also important that a medical assessment be conducted prior to administering any treatment, which could include tele-medicine assessment provided by international health providers.”
「对于在船上工作时生病的海员来说，接受医疗援助可能关系生死。国际社会应尽最大努力支持海员，他们在过去18个月疫情期间维持全球供应链运作，尽管冒着个人巨大艰险。」两大国际组织代表说。
“Receiving such care can be a matter of life or death for seafarers who fall ill while working on ships. The international community should do its utmost to support those who have maintained the global supply chain under pandemic conditions over the last 18 months and keep carrying on often despite enormous personal hardships,” say the Director-General of ILO and the Secretary-General of IMO.
联合声明指出，「『建议港口国和沿海国在疫情期间让海员迅速上岸接受医疗保健』（第4204/Add.23号通函）发布后近14个月，海员在及时获得医疗援助的问题上仍需挣扎。来自成员国、海运业、社会伙伴和海员本身的争取，再次将海员的困境带上前台。」
The joint statementnotes that “almost 14 months after issuing the ‘Recommendations for portand coastal States on the prompt disembarkation of seafarers for medical careashore during the COVID-19 pandemic’ (Circular Letter No.4204/Add.23),seafarers are still struggling to access such care when needed. Advocacy from Member States, the maritime industry, social partners and seafarers themselves has once again brought the plight of seafarers to the fore.”
正如ILO的2006年海事劳工公约 (MLC 2006) 所载，成员国有责任确保在其领土内船上的海员及时获医疗护理（包括牙科护理），可使用岸上医疗设施（详见于2021年4月由特别三方委员会通过的MLC 2006在疫情期间的实施和实际应用决议）; 向遇险海员提供援助（包括医疗援助）的法律义务也是国际海事组织公约的组成部分，即国际海上人命安全公约（SOLAS）、国际海上搜救公约（SAR）和便利国际海上交通公约（FAL）。
As enshrined in ILO’s 2006 Maritime LabourConvention (MLC 2006), it is incumbent upon Member States to ensure seafarers onboard ships in their territory are given access to medical facilities ashore,should they require immediate medical care, including dental care (See theResolution concerning the implementation and practical application of the MLC,2006 during the COVID-19 pandemic, adopted by the Special Tripartite Committeeof the MLC, 2006 in April 2021.) The legal obligation to render assistance to seafarers in distress, including medical assistance, is also an intrinsiccomponent of IMO conventions, namely the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS); the International Convention on Maritme Search and Rescue (SAR); and the Conventionon the Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL).
联合声明再次敦促各国政府承认海运的重要性，并根据2020年12月1日通过的联合国大会A/75/17号决议，指定海员为关键工人，并确保他们获得医疗服务。第4204/Add.35/Rev.7号通函已列出指定海员（和其他海事人员，视情况而定）为关键工人的IMO成员国最新名单。
The joint statement once again urges Governmentsto recognize the strategic importance of the maritime sector and, in line with UN General Assembly resolution A/75/17 adopted on 1 December 2020, to designate seafarers as key workers and to treat them as such by providing access to medical care. Circular LetterNo.4204/Add.35/Rev.7 contains the current list of IMO Member States having notified IMO that they have designated seafarers (and other marine personnel,as appropriate) as key workers.
各国政府亦应根据2021年7月16日更新的世卫组织 SAGE 在供应有限的情况下优先使用新冠疫苗路线图，在其国内新冠疫苗接种计划中优先考虑海员，并根据世卫组织批准的紧急使用疫苗清单 (EUL)，以确保接种的疫苗得到国际认可，有关清单可参考https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/covid-19-vaccines。
Governments are urged to prioritize seafarers in their national COVID-19 vaccination programmes, in accordance with the WHO SAGE Roadmap for Prioritizing uses of COVID-19 Vaccines in the Context of Limited Supplies, as updated on 16 July 2021, and to offer WHO-approved Emergency Use Listing (EUL) vaccines to ensure their vaccination status is recognized internationally. The list of WHO-approved EUL vaccines is accessible at https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/vaccines/covid-19-vaccines
ILO和IMO的领导还鼓励，各国政府承认其他海事相关人员在促进全球贸易方面所发挥的作用，并尽可能优先为他们接种疫苗。
The ILO and IMO heads also encourage Governments to recognize the role other marine personnel play infacilitating global trade and, wherever possible, to also vaccinate them on a priority basis.
据IMO和ILO的资料，迄今有24个国家响应号召，在其境内的指定港口实施海员疫苗接种计划，或表示有意实施，有关国家及其港口的列表可参考https://icma.as/vaccines/。
Information received by IMO and ILO indicates that24 countries have thus far answered the clarion call by implementing seafarervaccination programmes, or signaling their intent to do so, in designated portswithin their jurisdictions. A list of these countries and their constituentports is accessible at https://icma.as/vaccines/
联合声明表示：「我们非常感谢这些国家，但敦促更多国家加快步伐，特别是为国际航运服务的海员接种疫苗。政府机构、行业、劳工和海员福利团体继续努力以促进和/或为海员注射疫苗；惟任重而道远。我们将继续与我们的联合国姐妹机构、政府和行业机构合作，解决海员的持续需求并维护他们的基本权利，以便他们能够继续促进全球经济。」
The joint statement says: “We are extremely grateful to these countries but urge more to step forward to accelerate, in particular, the vaccination of seafarers serving international shipping.Government agencies, industry, labour and seafarer welfare groups continue towork assiduously to facilitate and/or deliver vaccines for seafarers. However,much remains to be done. We shall continue to work with our sister UN agencies,Governments and industry bodies to address the ongoing needs of seafarers andto safeguard their basic rights, so that they may continue to facilitate the global economy.”
Source/资料来源：
https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/pages/medicalassistance.aspx
