海员幸福指数在2022年第一季度跌至谷底
Seafarers Happiness Index hits rock bottom in Q1 2022
图片：2022 年第一季度海员幸福指数报告反映Covid-19和俄乌冲突的持续威胁和破坏。随上岸休假和换班问题恶化，海员面临着前所未有的挑战。
Image: The Seafarers Happiness Index Q1 2022 report reflects the continued threat and disruption of Covid-19 and the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Seafarers face unprecedented challenges which are exacerbated by restrictions on shore leave and crew changes.
最新的海员幸福指数报告显示，海员对前景满意度降至八年来新低。
The latest Seafarers Happiness Index report from The Mission to Seafarers reveals the lowest levels of seafarer satisfaction for eight years.
The Mission to Seafarers
一波又一波全球问题，严重打击海员福利和士气。从新冠肺炎疫情，雇佣合约问题，至俄乌冲突，均反映2022年第一季度报告所受的震荡。指数中「整体幸福感」由6.41下降到5.85，其他分类数字均告下跌。
Wave after wave of global issues massively impacting seafarer welfare and morale – from Covid to conflict to contracts and the Russia-Ukraine conflict – are all reflected in the turbulent first quarter 2022 report. The Index’s measure of ‘overall happiness’ shows a decrease from 6.41 to 5.85 and levels dropping across all categories.
调查由Standard Club和Idwal赞助，今次结果反映新冠变种病毒Omicron隐忧仍然持续，加上俄罗斯和乌克兰的冲突令船员之间关系紧张，以及其他合约问题也随之加剧。
The survey, undertaken with the support of the Standard Club and Idwal, reveals concerns persist over the Covid-19 Omicron variant, and heightened tensions among crew as the conflict between Russia and Ukraine drags on, as well as other contractual issues.
报告显示，最近俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的国际冲突，也影响着船员的友情。俄罗斯和乌克兰籍船员约占全球劳动力的15%，而且触发广泛的连锁反应，影响航运业内人士。
The recent international conflict between Russia and Ukraine has also impacted crew camaraderie, the report reveals. Russians and Ukrainians make up about 15% of the global workforce, and there is also a knock-on effect for a far wider seagoing population.
在部分船只上，俄罗斯和乌克兰的船员正积极合作，试图确保双方的关系不会受到影响，但随着战争的持续和似是而非的信息传播，紧张关系似乎一触即发。来自乌克兰、波兰、罗马尼亚和保加利亚等多个国家的船员均表达对船上紧张关系的担忧，这不仅对船员凝聚力产生影响，对安全也存在威胁。
On some ships, Russian and Ukrainian crew members are actively working together to try and ensure that relationships do not suffer, but as the war continues and misinformation spreads, tensions appear to be rising. Crew members from a host of nations including Ukraine, Poland, Romania and Bulgaria expressed concerns about tensions on board, which has implications not only for social cohesion onboard but safety too.
自新冠疫情爆发两年来，新型变种病毒继续影响着海员，他们正面临不同国家改而又改的法规、持续的港口限制，以及经常被减少甚至被取消上岸假期。即使海员上岸，不少设施也因防疫限制而关闭，使他们无法获得支援或基本服务。
Two years on from the outbreak of Covid-19 new variants of the virus continue to impact seafarers, who face a maze of different country regulations, ongoing port restrictions, and in many cases limited or no shore leave. Even when seafarers do get ashore, many facilities are closed due to national restrictions, leaving them without support or basic services.
该调查还强调，海员面临着围绕其就业权利、合约问题，以及呼吁被认定为关键工人等问题。
The survey also highlighted that seafarers face ongoing problems surrounding their employment rights, contractual issues and calls to be recognised as key workers.
对工作量的满意度也有所下降。报告称，船舶在没有初级轮机师 (4/E)的情况下航行有上升趋势。 「这意味着船舶恒常的维护更难按时完成，如果出现任何问题或机械故障，对船上各方面均构成挑战。」
Satisfaction with workloads also decreased. The report says there is an increasing trend for vessels to sail without a fourth engineer. ‘This means that the usual maintenance schedules are harder to follow, and if there are any problems or mechanical issues, then everything is made even more challenging.’
尽管问题广泛，但亦有海员分享积极例子，为提高船上福利和士气而采取的措施——包括有船只为福利活动提供资金。
Despite the wide array of issues, a number of seafarers shared positive examples of steps taken to improve welfare and morale onboard – including vessels having funds allocated for wellbeing events and activities.
The Mission to Seafarers 秘书长Reverend Canon Andrew Wright表示，对最新的海员幸福指数报告中看到海员满意度显著下降令人非常担忧，尽管这并不令人意外。随着 Covid-19 和俄乌冲突的持续威胁和破坏，海员面临着前所未有的挑战，而上岸假期和船员换班限制亦加剧了这些挑战。
Secretary-general of The Mission to Seafarers Reverend Canon Andrew Wright said: ‘It’s hugely concerning to see seafarer satisfaction decline quite significantly in our latest Seafarers Happiness Index report, though unsurprising. With the continued threat and disruption of Covid-19 and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, seafarers face unprecedented challenges, which are exacerbated by restrictions on shore leave and crew changes.
「我们希望在2022年剩下的时间里，机构可采取进一步有意义的措施来改善船员福利，并帮助提高海员的幸福感。有资金支持和富有同情心的领导层，提高海员的生活质量并非无计可施。最重要是倾听海员的声音，并从中学习，不仅要同情他们，还要共同努力寻找切实可行的解决方案，改善海上生活。」
‘We hope that through the rest of 2022, organisations will take further meaningful steps to improve the welfare of crews and help boost seafarer happiness. With financial backing and compassionate leadership, there are still actions that they can be taken to improve seafarers’ quality of life. It is important to listen to and learn from seafarers’ experiences, to not only empathise with them, but work together to find practical solutions that will improve life at sea.’
RESOURCE: https://www.nautilusint.org/en/news-insight/news/seafarers-happiness-index-hits-rock-bottom-in-q1-2022/
