15% decrease in total number of piracy and sea robbery incidents in Asia for 2021
2021年亚洲海盗和海上抢劫事件总数减少15%
亚洲地区反海盗及武装劫持船舶合作协定信息共享中心(ReCAAP)发布了关于 2021年亚洲海盗和武装抢劫船舶的年度报告，以下是主要重点。
The Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP) has released its Annual Report on piracy and armed robbery against ships in Asia in 2021, and here are the key highlights.
1. 概述-Overview
2021年中心接获亚洲共82宗武装抢劫船舶事件报告，包括77宗实际事件和5宗犯案未遂事件，比2020年减少15%。而2021年并没有接获海盗报告。
- There was a total of 82 incidents of armed robbery against ships reported in Asia in 2021, comprising 77 actual incidents and 5 attempted incidents. This represents a decrease of 15% compared to 2020. There was no piracy incident in 2021.
改善原因可归究于不少国家和地区的报告事件减少，如孟加拉、印度、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾、越南、南中国海和菲律宾苏禄-西里伯斯海。
- The improvement can be attributed to the decrease of incidents across many countries and locations, namely, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Vietnam, South China Sea and Sulu-Celebes Seas.
孟加拉、南中国海以及苏禄-西里伯斯海的事故报告为零，改善进展令人鼓舞。
- There was zero incident in Bangladesh, South China Sea as well as the Sulu-Celebes Seas. This is an encouraging development.
然而，新加坡海峡的报告事件却增加了15宗（2021年为49宗，2020年则为 34宗）。
- However, there was an increase of 15 incidents in the Singapore Strait (49 incidents in 2021 compared to 34 incidents in 2020).
2. 事件的严重性-Severity of incidents
从事件的严重程度来看，除第2类事件从2020年的6宗增加至2021年的8 宗外，其他类别的事件数量总体上均有所减少，尤其是第 1 类（最严重事件）更没有发生，是过去15年以来首次。
- In terms of the severity of incidents, with the exception of Category 2 incidents that increased from 6 incidents in 2020 to 8 incidents in 2021, there was an overall decrease in the number of incidents for the other categories. In particular, there was no incident of Category 1 (most serious incident), which is the first time in the last 15 years.
3. 2021年值得关注海域-Areas of Concern in 2021
新加坡海峡相关报告个案由2020年的34宗增加至2021年的49宗，尽管严重程度不高，但由于肇事者尚未被捕，同类事件恐继续发生。
- An increase of number of incidents in the Singapore Strait from 34 incidents in 2020 to 49 incidents in 2021, although the level of severity was not high. As the perpetrators have not been arrested, there is a possibility that such incidents continue to occur.
马尼拉锚地发生的事件暴力程度增加，在9宗事件中，4宗涉及持枪或持刀的肇事者，威胁船员并将他们捆绑起来。菲律宾当局于去年9月和11月期间逮捕了一个犯罪集团的头目和成员。而自2021年9月后，该地区则未接获任何报告事件。
- An increase of violence level towards crew at the Manila Anchorages. Out of 9 incidents, 4 incidents involved perpetrators armed with gun/knife and threatened the crew and tied them up. The Philippine authorities arrested the leader and members of a criminal group in September and November. No incident has been reported since September 2021.
苏禄-西里伯斯海和东沙巴附近海域自2020年1月以来，并没有接获发生绑架船员事件报告。然而，由于伊斯兰恐怖分子阿布沙耶夫集团的领导人仍然逍遥法外，船员遭绑架的威胁仍然甚高。
- For the Sulu-Celebes Seas and waters off Eastern Sabah, there is no abduction of crew incident reported since January 2020. However, as the leaders of the Abu Sayyaf Group are still at large, the threat of the abduction of crew incidents remains high.
4. 結論- Conclusion
ReCAAP 执行董事Masafumi Kuroki 表示，虽然亚洲海盗和武装抢劫的整体形势在2021年有所改善，但所有相关人士应保持警惕，并共同努力打击罪案，才是进一步改善情况的关键所在。对于沿海国而言，该中心建议加强巡逻和有效执法，以及与其他沿岸国家之间保持密切合作，每宗将涉案者逮捕的信息，都对传达沿海国认真对待海上安全非常重要。而船舶方面亦应及时向沿海国报告任何事件。
- “While the overall piracy and armed robbery situation in Asia has improved in 2021, continued vigilance and collective efforts of all stakeholders are the key to making further improvement. To the coastal States, we recommend increased patrols and effective law enforcement as well as close cooperation between littoral states. Arrest of perpetrators is important to send the message that coastal States take sea robberies seriously. On the part of ships, they are reminded to report any incidents to the coastal States in a timely manner,” said Mr. Masafumi Kuroki, Executive Director of ReCAAP.
2021年年度报告的重点将在该中心举办的网上航海论坛与海事业界分享。踏入第13届，航海论坛的目的是让中心与ReCAAP的21个缔约方，以及航运业、外交界、政府机构和学术界，就亚洲海盗和海上抢劫事件的主要趋势进行交流。
- The key points of the Annual Report 2021 will be shared with the maritime community at the virtual Nautical Forum to be organised by the Centre. Into its 13th run, the aim of the Nautical Forum is for the Centre to engage the 21 Contracting Parties of ReCAAP as well as the shipping industry, diplomatic community, government agencies and academia on the key trends of the piracy and sea robbery incidents in Asia.
